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Unicompartmental (Unicondylar) knee replacement is aimed at addressing knee arthritis or injury limited to one compartment of the knee joint. Unlike total knee replacement, which involves replacing the entire knee joint, unicompartmental knee replacement targets only the damaged portion, either the medial or lateral compartment. This approach preserves healthy bone and tissue in the unaffected parts of the knee, leading to potentially faster recovery times and improved function post-surgery.

The procedure involves removing the damaged cartilage and bone from the affected compartment and replacing it with a prosthetic component made of metal and plastic. Since less bone is removed compared to total knee replacement, unicompartmental knee replacement typically results in a more natural feeling knee and a better range of motion.

Unicompartmental partial knee replacement may be required for the following reasons:

• Localized Knee Arthritis: When arthritis mainly affects one compartment of the knee, such as the inner or outer, unicompartmental knee replacement can provide targeted relief. This approach spares healthy parts of the knee, reducing the extent of surgery and potentially preserving more natural knee function.
• Injury or Damage: Trauma or injury to a particular compartment of the knee may require surgical intervention. Unicompartmental knee replacement can address damage limited to one area, restoring function and relieving pain without the need for total knee replacement.
• Preservation of Healthy Tissue: For patients with relatively healthy knee structures in the unaffected compartments, unicompartmental knee replacement offers several advantages of preserving more bone and tissue. This can be especially beneficial for younger or more active individuals who may require future knee surgeries as they age.
• Reduced Surgical Trauma: Compared to total knee replacement, which involves more extensive bone resection and soft tissue disruption, unicompartmental knee replacement typically results in less surgical trauma. Minimal incisions, reduced blood loss, and faster recovery times are often observed with this approach.

The ideal candidate for unicondylar knee replacement generally meets the following criteria:

• Localized Knee Arthritis: Candidates should have arthritis primarily affecting one compartment of the knee joint, either the medial or lateral, while the other compartments remain relatively healthy. This localized arthritis may cause pain, stiffness, and limited mobility.

• Minimal Bone Deformity: Candidates should have minimal bone deformity or damage in the knee joint. Unicompartmental knee replacement is most effective when the bone structure is intact and can adequately support the prosthetic components.

• Good Ligament Function: Candidates should have intact ligaments, especially the cruciate ligaments, which provide stability to the knee joint. Preservation of ligament function helps ensure proper alignment and function of the knee after surgery.

• Limited Knee Instability: Candidates should have minimal knee instability, as excessive instability may compromise the success of the procedure. Unicompartmental knee replacement is generally not recommended for patients with significant ligamentous laxity or instability.

• Healthy Weight and Activity Level: Candidates should have a healthy weight and be relatively active. While age alone is not a strict determinant, younger, more active individuals tend to be better candidates for unicompartmental knee replacement, as they may benefit more from the preservation of healthy tissue and function.

• Failed Conservative Treatments: Candidates should have exhausted conservative treatment options, such as medication, physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, and lifestyle modifications, without adequate relief of symptoms.

Ultimately, the decision for unicompartmental knee replacement is made on a case-by-case basis in consultation with an orthopedic surgeon. Factors such as the severity of arthritis, overall knee health, patient goals, and surgical risks are carefully considered to determine the most appropriate treatment option for each individual.

Preparing for unicompartmental knee replacement surgery involves several steps to ensure the best possible outcome and a smooth recovery. Here's a general guide on how to prepare:

• Preoperative Evaluation: Your orthopedic surgeon will conduct a thorough evaluation to assess your overall health and readiness for surgery. This may involve a medical history review, physical examination, and possibly additional tests such as blood tests, X-rays, or MRI scans.

• Education: Your surgeon will explain the procedure, potential risks and benefits, and what to expect during recovery. Make sure to ask any questions you have and fully understand the procedure before giving your consent.

• Medication Review: Review your current medications with your surgeon, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and supplements. You need to stop or adjust medications temporarily before surgery.

• Lifestyle Modifications: Your surgeon may recommend lifestyle modifications to optimize your health before surgery. This may include weight management, smoking and alcohol cessation, and increasing physical activity within your limitations.

• Prehabilitation Exercises: Engage in prehabilitation exercises prescribed by your physiotherapist to strengthen the muscles around your knee and improve mobility. This can help facilitate a smoother recovery after surgery.

• Preoperative Instructions: Follow any preoperative instructions provided by your surgical team, such as fasting before surgery, showering with antibacterial soap, and avoiding certain medications.

By preparing for unicompartmental knee replacement surgery in consultation with your surgeon, you can help optimize your outcomes and make the recovery process as smooth as possible.

Unicondylar knee replacement surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia and involves the following steps:

• Incision: The surgeon makes a small incision in the front of the knee to access the affected compartment. Minimally invasive techniques may be used to reduce tissue damage and speed up recovery.

• Removal of Damaged Tissue: The surgeon carefully removes the damaged cartilage and bone from the affected compartment of the knee joint using specialized surgical instruments. This helps prepare the area for the placement of prosthetic components.

• Reshaping the Bone: The remaining bone surfaces are reshaped to adjust the prosthetic components. This step ensures proper fit and alignment of the implants within the knee joint.

• Implant Placement: The prosthetic components, typically made of metal and plastic, are securely placed onto the prepared bone surfaces. These components serve to replace the damaged cartilage and restore smooth movement within the knee joint.

• Closure: Once the implants are in place and proper alignment is done, the surgeon closes the incision with sutures or staples. Sterile dressings are applied to the surgical site to promote healing and reduce the risk of infection.

Overall, unicompartmental knee replacement surgery aims to address damage or localized arthritis in one compartment of the knee joint while preserving healthy tissue and function to the greatest extent possible. The procedure is tailored to each patient's specific needs and may vary slightly depending on factors such as the extent of damage and the surgeon's technique.

Unicompartmental (unicondylar) knee replacement offers several advantages compared to total knee replacement, including:

• Preservation of Healthy Tissue: Unicompartmental knee replacement targets only the damaged portion of the knee joint, preserving healthy bone, ligaments, and cartilage in the unaffected compartments. This preservation of healthy tissue can result in a more natural feeling knee and potentially better long-term outcomes.

• Reduced Surgical Trauma: Unicompartmental knee replacement involves less extensive bone resection and soft tissue disruption compared to total knee replacement, patients may experience less postoperative pain, swelling, and blood loss. This can lead to faster recovery times and shorter hospital stays.

• Faster Recovery: With less surgical trauma and a more targeted approach, patients undergoing unicompartmental knee replacement often experience faster recovery and rehabilitation compared to total knee replacement. Many patients can return to normal activities and work sooner after surgery.

• Improved Range of Motion: Preserving healthy knee structures and using implants designed to simulate natural knee anatomy can result in an improved range of motion and joint function compared to total knee replacement. Patients may experience less stiffness and a more natural feeling after knee surgery.

• Lower Risk of Complications: Unicompartmental knee replacement has been associated with lower rates of certain complications, such as infection and implant wear, compared to total knee replacement. Additionally, because less bone is removed during the procedure, there may be a reduced risk of future revisions or complications related to implant loosening.

• Potential for Future Revision: If further surgery is needed in the future, such as revision surgery or conversion to total knee replacement, the presence of preserved healthy tissue and bone in the unaffected compartments may make following procedures easier and potentially more successful.

After undergoing unicompartmental (unicondylar) knee replacement surgery, patients can expect several changes and experiences during the recovery process:

• Pain and Discomfort: Pain and discomfort are common after surgery, but they are typically managed with medications prescribed by your surgeon. Pain levels generally decrease over time as you progress through the recovery process.

• Swelling and Bruising: Swelling and bruising around the surgical site are normal reactions to surgery and generally decrease slowly. Elevating the leg, applying ice packs, and wearing compression stockings can help reduce swelling.

• Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy: Physiotherapy plays an important role in the recovery process after knee replacement surgery. Your physiotherapist will guide you through exercises to improve strength, flexibility, and range of motion in your knee joint. Starting rehabilitation as soon as possible after surgery can help speed up recovery and optimize outcomes.

• Return to Activities: While you may be able to resume light activities such as walking soon after surgery, follow your surgeon's recommendations regarding activity levels and restrictions. Avoid high-impact activities and strenuous exercises until suggested by your surgeon.

• Assistive Devices: You may use assistive devices such as a walker, crutches, or cane during the initial stages of recovery to support your mobility and prevent falls. Your physiotherapist will guide how to use these devices safely and effectively.

• Follow-up Appointments: Regular follow-up appointments with your surgeon are important to monitor your progress and address any concerns or complications that may arise. Your surgeon may recommend imaging tests such as X-rays to assess the positioning and stability of the implants.

• Long-Term Recovery: While many patients experience improvement in knee function and pain relief shortly after surgery, it may take several months to fully recover and regain strength and mobility in the affected knee. Be patient and committed to your rehabilitation program for optimal long-term outcomes.

• Lifestyle Modifications: Adopting healthy lifestyle habits, such as maintaining a healthy weight, staying physically active within your limitations, and following a balanced diet, can support your recovery and help maintain the longevity of your knee replacement

After undergoing unicompartmental partial knee replacement, it's important to take particular precautions and follow specific guidelines to ensure a smooth recovery and optimize the long- term success of the procedure. Here are some key care considerations:

• Follow Postoperative Instructions: Strictly follow the postoperative instructions provided by your surgeon. This may include guidelines for wound care, activity restrictions, medication management, and follow-up appointments.

• Manage Pain and Swelling: Take prescribed pain medications as directed to manage postoperative pain and discomfort. Additionally, you can use ice packs, elevation, and compression techniques to reduce swelling around the surgical site. Proper pain management and swelling control are required to facilitate rehabilitation and recovery.

• Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation: Participate actively in your prescribed physiotherapy exercise program to regain strength, flexibility, and mobility in your knee joint. Perform recommended exercises regularly, both during clinical sessions and at home. Constant rehabilitation efforts are necessary for achieving optimal outcomes and restoring function to the knee.

• Gradual Increase in Activity: Gradually increase your level of activity as tolerated, following the guidance of your surgeon and physiotherapist. Start with gentle exercises and activities such as walking and range-of-motion exercises, gradually progressing to more challenging activities as your strength and mobility improve. Avoid high-impact activities and movements that place excessive stress on the knee joint.

• Use Assistive Devices: If prescribed by your surgeon, use assistive devices such as a walker, crutches, or cane to support your mobility during the early stages of recovery. Ensure that you use these devices correctly and follow any weight-bearing restrictions specified by your surgeon.

• Monitor for Signs of Complications: Pay attention to surgical incision and monitor for signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, warmth, or drainage. Contact your surgeon immediately if you experience constant pain, swelling, or any concerning symptoms that may indicate complications.

• Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle: Adopt healthy lifestyle habits, including maintaining a balanced diet, staying hydrated, getting adequate rest, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.

• Long-Term Follow-Up: Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments with your surgeon to monitor your progress, assess the function and stability of your knee replacement, and address any concerns or complications that may arise.

By following these care considerations and working closely with your surgical team, you can promote a successful recovery and enjoy the benefits of improved knee function and mobility after unicompartmental knee replacement surgery.

While unicompartmental (unicondylar) knee replacement is generally considered safe and effective, like any surgical procedure, it carries certain risks and potential complications. Some of the risk factors associated with unicompartmental knee replacement include:

• Infection: It is a potential complication of any surgical procedure, including unicompartmental knee replacement. While measures are taken to reduce the risk of infection, such as antibiotic prophylaxis and strict sterile techniques, there is still a small risk of developing a deep or superficial infection at the surgical site.

• Blood Clots: Deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism can occur following unicompartmental knee replacement surgery due to reduced mobility and blood flow in the legs. Measures such as early mobilization, compression stockings, and blood- thinning medications are often used to reduce the risk of blood clots.

• Implant Wear or Loosening: Over time, the prosthetic components used in unicompartmental knee replacement surgery may wear down or become loose, leading to pain, instability, and reduced function of the knee joint. This may necessitate revision surgery to replace or adjust the implants.

• Continuous Pain or Stiffness: Some patients may experience ongoing pain or stiffness in the knee joint following surgery, which may limit mobility and function. This may be due to factors such as implant positioning, soft tissue imbalance, or underlying joint conditions.

• Nerve or Blood Vessel Injury: During surgery, there is a small risk of injury to nearby nerves or blood vessels, which can result in temporary or permanent sensory or motor deficits in the affected limb.

• Allergic Reaction: Some patients may experience allergic reactions to the materials used in the prosthetic components, such as metal or plastic. If you are sensitive to certain materials, your surgeon may recommend allergy testing.

• Fracture: Fractures of the bone around the knee joint can occur during or after knee replacement surgery, particularly in patients with osteoporosis or weakened bone.

• Patellofemoral Complications: In some cases, patients may experience patellofemoral complications, such as patellar instability, mal tracking, or anterior knee pain, following unicompartmental knee replacement.

• Revision Surgery: While unicompartmental knee replacement is a durable procedure for many patients, there is a possibility that revision surgery may be needed in the future due to complications, implant wear, or disease progression.

Several factors can affect the cost of unicompartmental knee replacement surgery. These factors may vary depending on the healthcare system, geographical location, hospital or surgical facility, surgeon's fees, and individual patient circumstances. The 9 key factors affecting the cost of unicompartmental knee replacement include:

• Hospital or Surgical Facility Fees

• Geographical Location of Hospital

• Surgeon's Fees

• Implant Costs

• Preoperative Evaluation and Testing

• Postoperative Care and Rehabilitation

• Insurance Coverage

• Complications or Additional Procedures

• Patient-Specific Factors

Patients need to discuss the potential costs and financial considerations associated with unicompartmental knee replacement surgery with their surgeon and insurance company before undergoing the procedure.

Miracles Apollo Cradle/Spectra is the best hospital for unicompartmental knee replacement in Gurgaon. We have a team of highly experienced ortho doctors in Gurgaon. Our hospital is well equipped with state-of-the-art facilities and cutting-edge technology to ensure the best possible outcomes for our patients undergoing unicompartmental knee replacement. From pre- operative evaluation to post-operative care, our multidisciplinary team is committed to providing personalized attention and comprehensive support at every step of the journey. We understand the importance of restoring mobility and improving the quality of life for individuals suffering from knee arthritis or injury, and our orthopedic experts are dedicated to delivering exceptional results with compassion and expertise.

If you are looking for the best ortho clinic near you for unicompartmental knee replacement? Contact Miracles Apollo Cradle/Spectra and schedule an online appointment with our experts.